Lorazepam
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Description
Description
Lorazepam
Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine medication primarily used to treat anxiety disorders, insomnia, and certain seizure conditions. It works by enhancing the activity of a neurotransmitter called GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), which helps calm the brain and nervous system.
Lorazepam Common Uses:
- Anxiety Disorders: Short-term relief of severe or disabling anxiety.
- Insomnia: Particularly when caused by anxiety or stress.
- Seizures: Emergency treatment of status epilepticus (ongoing seizures).
- Preoperative Sedation: To relax patients before surgery or medical procedures.
- Alcohol Withdrawal: Managing symptoms like agitation, tremors, or seizures.
Forms and Administration:
- Tablets (oral use).
- Injection (IV/IM, used in hospitals).
- Liquid Solution (for easier swallowing).
Lorazepam Key Points:
- Onset of action: Fast-acting, with effects felt within 20–30 minutes when taken orally.
- Duration: Effects last 6–8 hours.
- Controlled Substance: Lorazepam 2mg has a potential for dependence and misuse, so it is usually prescribed for short-term use.
Would you like more details on its side effects, dosage, or how it compares to other medications?
Lorazepam Dosage Guidelines
- Anxiety:
- Initial: 1–3 mg daily in divided doses.
- Typical: 2–6 mg daily (max: 10 mg/day).
- Insomnia:
- 1–2 mg at bedtime.
- Status Epilepticus:
- IV: 4 mg injected slowly over 2 minutes; may repeat after 10–15 minutes if needed.
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Weakness
- Blurred vision
Serious Side Effects for lorazepam 2mg
- Respiratory depression (especially with high doses or when combined with other CNS depressants).
- Dependency and withdrawal symptoms.
- Confusion or memory impairment.
lorazepam Precautions
- Dependency and Tolerance:
- Risk of physical and psychological dependence with prolonged use.
- Use only for short-term therapy (typically 2–4 weeks).
- Respiratory Conditions:
- Avoid in severe respiratory depression or sleep apnea without supervision.
- Elderly Patients:
- Increased sensitivity; use lower doses to minimize fall and sedation risks.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:
- Generally avoided due to risks of fetal harm and infant sedation.
Drug Interactions
- CNS Depressants:
- Enhanced sedation with alcohol, opioids, or other sedative medications.
- Valproate:
- Can increase lorazepam dose for sleep levels by inhibiting metabolism.
- Probenecid:
- Reduces lorazepam dose for sleep clearance, increasing its effects.
Counseling Points
- Take exactly as prescribed; do not increase the dose or frequency without consulting your doctor.
- Avoid alcohol and operating heavy machinery due to sedative effects.
- Do not abruptly stop long-term use; tapering is required to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
- Store in a safe place to prevent misuse or abuse.
- Report any unusual mood changes, confusion, or severe drowsiness to your doctor.
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